European Bloggers

Turkish Goods Week Was Celebrated

2011-06-08T13:08:00.000-07:00

Merchants and Industrialists' Association Primary School Attitude, investment and Turkish Goods Week was celebrated with enthusiasm. We share with you some of the images.

2011-05-31T09:52:00.000-07:00

A very rich and interesting collection of photos of Yavor Nikolov general manager in www.bgturist.netSmnogo love admiration and pride that Bulgaria is to protect this national treasure, Mr. Nikolov sealed it all with his camera

VELIKO TURNOVO

2010-07-31T07:44:00.000-07:00

2010-07-17T07:36:00.000-07:00

Turkish Folk Music Competition 2010

2010-07-14T23:10:00.000-07:00

Besides this county between our students of Turkish Folk Music Competition in 2010 obtained the first degree of the Merchants and Manufacturers Association of Elementary School 5 Congratulations to our students the Filiz Atabey.

Art exhibition

2010-07-13T10:31:00.000-07:00

Merchants and Industrialists Association of elementary school Teachers and Students by the Istanbul 2010 European culture capital in the context of the Activities performed by art exhibition is presented by the slide in the Ring.

ZTV Information and Cultural Contest

2010-07-13T00:33:00.000-07:00

ZTV Information County Cultural Contest in Istanbul in the first race between the two groups in our school, 7 Sinem HUKUMDAR of the class students, has achieved the success of the third.

Every graduate of a Seedling Project

2010-07-13T00:06:00.000-07:00

Istanbul Provincial Education Department and the Directorate of R & D Cooperation with Okan University Parents Association Design Competition held in the Merchants and Manufacturers Association, developed by the Parents Association is proud to offer all graduates a sapling project. 2010

MONASTIRIES

2010-07-07T08:34:00.000-07:00

A very rich and interesting collection of photos of the monasteries in Bulgaria, made with a good sense of beauty and worship of national wealth is Yavor Nikolov

2010-07-07T05:17:00.000-07:00

Bulgarian music on drawings

2010-06-21T08:44:00.000-07:00

Istanbul 2010 European Capital of Culture Project

2010-06-06T11:32:00.000-07:00

Istanbul 2010 European Capital of Culture Project, Cyclic Life Park great public acclaim to our art exhibition .... We thank the contributors to the exhibition

Awards

2010-05-24T08:06:00.000-07:00

Schoolgirl Alexandra Emilova 12 years with awards for painting organized by the "Lim Angels" in memory of the tragic deaths of children in Svishtov Republic of Serbia.

How to preserve the beauty of nature?

2010-05-16T00:33:00.000-07:00

With our designs we want to provoke all to think about their actions that cause environmental damage and destroy all the beauty around us. We want our children can draw what you see!

About us!

2010-05-16T00:29:00.000-07:00

If you want to learn more about us visit - www.svishtov.org/palitra

About us !!!!!!

Your Problem Solving Techniques to Interpret Your Way

2010-04-26T09:18:00.000-07:00

The problem is actually experts training opportunities was seen as an obstacle, noting the problem of how to interpret the solution technique is also expressed.

Kahramanmaras Leaders Businessmen's Association (KALİDA) 'Agile Agile Management Company and the Academy for Educational Seminar "was held in Saffron Hotel.

Yılmaz Sönmez's education specialist and management consultant as a speaker at the seminar included, businessmen, without resolving the problem right up to the art of conversation have been trained in various subjects.

In the first program of problem solving and decision making techniques' that perform a presentation on Sonmez, stood on the description of the problem. The problem is an opportunity, but the record has been seen as obstacles Sonmez, solution, focused questions, but should be focused on asking questions, he said.

In problem solving causes of failure of the sort that Sonmez, "Methodical work not enough desire and commitment have not, the problem is incorrect to describe the necessary techniques and skills devoid of stay, inadequate or inaccurate information, the solution of a kind in implementing unable to postpone the work of the competent advice not to, the source not to believe and risk factors such as unable to take its place among the causes of failure. " he said. In solution, the resolution emphasized the importance of Sonmez, the problem of how to interpret, the same technical solutions as well pointed out. In some areas of problem solving was perceived as a waste of time explaining Sonmez, this loss is actually realized in the form of a long meeting said. Solution at the point accurately identify and diagnose the importance of telling Sonmez, data collection, solution of the sort, the potential solutions to the problem application, process control and recycling monitoring of factors such as the right decision stages a part, he said.

Limit your child's Internet use

2010-04-13T11:02:00.000-07:00

Years ago, in the bedroom it was important to have a special phone line, the children of parents who would rely on his private conversations. If lengthy telephone calls to negotiate the final bill will reflect and young people were given special.

Today, the internet, is the passage from childhood to adolescence. Guide to internet site created for families, children between 12-14 years of the Internet to communicate with their friends can use as a tool of social means.

Ehow.com named according to the news website, that your family's Internet use to edit the book, some advice:

1. Add privacy control: how often, what sites your child visits, did not look at age-appropriate topics, as you can see from using privacy. Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox browsers options under Tools you can create privacy controls. The option "high (high)" is set when the computer filters out harmful sites.

2. Create e-mail account: On the Internet, your child must have a web identity. An e-mail account with your child create and redirect it to your own account. So you can check their mail.

3. Put borders: an average internet user will spend 3 hours on the internet for fun. Your child more than 1 hour a day on the internet do not let it stay. You can subdivide it even 20 minutes.

4. Share photos with family and friends to limit your child to enter social networking site to allow, but what about the limits set to share. Photos of family and friends be sure only accessible via password. Background in the school number, address, and information such as street signs, which contains information revealing the identity photos Never allow others to send.

5. Make a detective, but non of your business do not put your nose into things: participate in your child's social sharing network, but do not reveal your identity. Do not try to influence your child here. Find out what you share with your child's friends.

6. The guide: your child through social sharing network, not via e-mail contact. Hobby with your children about music, video, articles or pictures will prepare them to filter information. In this age of the Internet as a tool of social will.

7. Get your news from the alarm signal: determining information about your child's friends to obtain. Their families, their hobbies, biography and other details, ask your child. Your child will be found on the Internet be aware of new friends. Do not share your personal information shared with them and learn.

8. Loosen some limits: the Internet is used, as appropriate to your child about the trust, you give him a chance. Loosen the time limits for the weekend, her reward for finishing homework.

When you're not with your computer ...!

2010-04-11T06:30:00.000-07:00

In his spare time or during the sessions can always interesting for students izmaystorim models. Pieces of wood waste from my students made excellent models of airplanes, helicopters and car. They were very happy with the work process, so that made from natural material thing may have value to collectors

Think again before you watch television in the darkness.

2010-04-10T12:59:00.000-07:00

Vatan Hospital, Chief Physician, Dr. Sakarya experts. Bob let alone in the dark of television viewed, as well as damage to the eyes, popularly known as the palace also trigger epilepsy, he said.

Bostanci, illuminated space of the people in each age group need to watch television, he said.

Trucker, said in a statement, said in the dark is not healthy to watch television. This situation primarily eye damage can be expressed with Bob, "the dark to watch television flashes a light to look is no different. In addition, every kind of color in seconds, is changing. The channel changing pitch-dark and from behind the shiny bright eyes the greatest harm has given moment. Eye to this situation to ensure compliance is having tired of falling. Eye health perspective, this situation is extremely harmful. eye nerves wear causes. In addition, visual defects cause. especially the children absolutely in the dark, watching television should not be. Their eyes more sensitive will be more will be impressed. " warned.

Continuously burning lights in the dark are exposed to epilepsy, the disease was more frequently seen in the Bob expressed, in the dark for a long time to watch television and make a habit of it may trigger the disease was underlined.

Epilepsy patients, certainly in the dark, watching television should not get about the suggestions in that they describe Bob gave the following information: "Sara patients well-lit places watch television to offer. Also frequently change the channel to not warned in you. Dark flashes of light exposure to epileptic seizures triggered and often to be repeated because going on. For this reason, patients with epilepsy in the dark certainly television and even computer studies tell them to watch. " as he said.

Toilet Training for Mentally Handicapped Children

2010-04-05T11:24:00.000-07:00

Are important in child development skills to the toilet, nervous and psychological maturation as a result are often learned in the first five years of life. Toilet bowel and bladder control before it was acquiring skills for this maturation must have occurred. Normally developing children first bladder, bowel control, and then finally gain control of the night.

Bowel and bladder volume of new-born baby is very small. In the first five months of his life seven times, discharge takes place about ten days. In the first two years of the mature nervous system, bladder and bowel increase awareness of the child against occupancy of the toilet when the body reacts to movement, certain signs and words that would come to the toilet. Three children from the ages, just not to the toilet when it comes, is able to wait. During the four years that most children begin to stay dry at night. Muscles around the age of six must work in harmony with each other begins. Bladder and bowel volume is almost like that of an adult. Children, can make all the toilet independently

Many children, bladder and bowel control problem through the development stages and toilet skills are a little support. But the toilets for disabled children and their families to learn skills require an arduous process indeed. Mentally handicapped children, the formation of bowel and bladder control, according to the normal conditions is very slow and late. Therefore, moderate and severe mentally handicapped children often adolescent-adult age to the toilet skills learned can not be seen also many obstacles type of sensory impairment, attention, muscle control, perception-comprehension problems, toilet skills instruction hinderer factors are the Mentally handicapped children, these factors and due to the properties toilet training methods without special skills can not win.

Toilet Training Methods and Approaches Used

For the toilet to gain skills in general, behavioral approaches are applied. These include positive reinforcement and punishment are the behavioral approach.

Method can be applicable in this behavioral approach, as instructional day and night is in two parts. Teaching during the day, mentally handicapped child is toilet trained during the day given. Teaching here that day and the toilet are two approaches used as the basis. These traditional teaching methods and the toilet is a quick method of toilet training.

Instructional plans and teaching methods used in conventional toilets reinforcements (rewards) are determining starts. For a period of 7-15 days in order to determine the time of the child to the toilet to keep records. Usually 4-5 times a day wee boy, 1 time a shit if the teaching starts. After students learn the correct response to bladder and bowel control, and will learn to make their own toilets. Traditional teaching methods as well as dryness of toilet control, related behaviors, teaching methods include accidents.

Acquiring skills to the toilet independently with traditional teaching methods used in the toilet first dryness is control applications. This method consists of the following steps: simple sentences and gestures (signs) a question as to whether the child is established. Clothes are dry and see if there is. If you dry clothes to children are reported to be dry and prizes will be given. If Washington is reported to be wet, wet, and if the child is deprived of awards.

Another application of that teaching about the behavior of the toilet seat, toilet independently, such as taking laundry to download and make toilet-related skills are taught in conjunction with

Traditional methods of toilet training accidents method between applications, for various reasons, with children under the pee or poop to be used in case of accidents. In this application: the child's clothes are changed after the accident and the children be limited to communications will be removed. Farkefildikten or immediately after the accident, to look after the child's underwear and are made to feel wetness. In this case the child is left up to five minutes and then cleaned.

Teaching methods used between day and quickly changed the pattern of teaching approaches the normal liquid excretion, food, suppositories, injections or requiring the use of drugs is an approach. To determine the normal pattern for this discharge records are kept for 3-4 days. 1 hour before the time of the child to the toilet is too much liquid. If the award is taken to the toilet discharge, if the award is not draining

Mainly used in toilet training school at night is another method. Night to toilet training, 75% of daytime toilet skills and earn more money per after. Daytime toilet training at night, similar to toilet training and fast as traditional methods of teaching methods are applied.

Civil Defense, Fire and Natural Disasters Leadership

2010-03-06T14:57:00.000-08:00

Sivil Savunma, Yangın ve Doğal Afet Tatbikatı
Yükleyen istanbul2016. - Üniversite videoları.

Merchant and Manufacturers Association of Elementary School February 28, 2010 Civil Defense Day at the Civil Defense, Fire and Natural Disaster Response Exercise were constructed. Thank you to the Fire Department of Istanbul Sefaköy Platoon.

Promise Rights Project

2010-02-28T04:27:00.000-08:00

söz hakkı
Yükleyen istanbul2016. - Diğer okul ve kampüs videoları.

Association of traders and industrialists Elementary School belongs to the original teaching method Vice competition Promise Rights Project Lyrics

The importance of reading daily

2010-02-28T04:05:00.000-08:00

Success in school and later in life, begins at home with 20 minutes of daily reading with your child. Children who are read from an early age, they learn to read better and faster than those who were not read.

Children learn to read at school, but often associated with reading the lessons and not a fun activity. By far, the most effective way to encourage children to love books and reading is to read to children, and, as we start early, the chances of success are greater.

It was predicted at one point, the end of printed word. Conversely, the Internet has made reading more important part of our lives. The Internet itself is a huge source of information and entertainment, based on the humble written word. To use the Internet effectively to correctly assess the amount of information on the web, the ability to read and think critically is vital.

Ability to learn about new topics and to find useful information depends on the ability to read and analyse reading material.

Children who are read to children will learn to be good readers themselves. The more they read, the more interested to learn to read. It's important to get your child to open a book for pleasure, alone, without tell you and not be told school.

Daily reading to children

- to create a close relationship between children and adults

- helps to the development of speech, memory and creativity

- it exposes children to new words and teach proper grammatical structure of language

- it helps them learn to thinking and improves concentration

- helps them learn better and be successful in school

- teach moral values

– prevents excessive television or computer

- help create the desire for knowledge and learning for life.

Our school district information, in culture, the competition became the first

2010-02-26T01:20:00.000-08:00

Great interest among primary schools in the race 95 Education zone winner And Industrialists Association of Elementary School 1 Merchant was. Dr. Elementary Honor modesty School 2'th is Yavuz Sultan Selim Primary School competition 3 as.

Our Director amdi ÇAKIR, in his closing speech to congratulate all participating students were Elementary School. Competition by winning Küçükçekmece 1 The Merchant and Manufacturers Association of Elementary School students, teachers School Principal and souvenir photos taken with the Director Yavuz Altun Hamdi ÇAKIR, Istanbul will be in the best competition in the Küçükçekmece represent the wished for success.

Parents love the Art School is Success

2010-02-20T12:39:00.000-08:00

Democratic Union of Educators (DES) DES based Center for Strategic Studies (DESA) prepared by the 1 Components according to the Education Research Report, success at school is increasing the love of parents. Financial sacrifices made by parents that children not be enough to succeed.

The child's social, emotional and cognitive development in a healthy step forward as able, happy, successful, hardworking and well-trained as an individual, the first and most important condition is the love of parents indicating DESA report, failed, incompatible and problematic students divided by 95 percent and troubled children from families that are being expressed.

Physical and mental condition with normal in children, failure of the parent's attitude and family relations with their come forward stressed that according to the report, a peaceful home environment without parents and siblings to share the axis of dialogue can not be built, love and tolerance relationships who can develop children, schools in the life of the incompatible and fails. School, especially successful with their friends and because the course does not like to work.

The child's love and compassion to the needs of life at every stage to play a major role and other material needs to be more important, with emphasis on the mother and father's love, compassion to fill a child's self-confidence and the peace of mind will feel successful and happy as an individual will raise that point in the DESA report; trust sense of learning the child's life positively affect the next; stable friendships and build friendships, be happy to choose the profession, to be successful in the profession, enjoy life, happy life, such as building a nest in the process of the future impact is also noted.

Children's failures that affect the family factors among parents of children to distinguish between being, love, compassion and interest evenly inability to show the result stating that in the report; brothers from one from another, less love had been suspected to be, it's psychological and academic development conflicts and regression of bring able. Therefore, success in school and friendship relations will be affected negatively as well. Siblings by parents in the comparison be made between how much is wrong, by showing examples of successful know other children of their own children also want it to be so much is incorrect "was said.

Research reports prepared in large urban schools more intense, although students' 1 / 23 fame in common, a decrease in school performance, relationship problems with friends, social becoming against apathy, intolerance, all argue against aggressive, substance use tendency, such as outbursts of negative reaction in our country last in increased, "Ayrılık, divorce, immigration, economic difficulties, diseases, socio-cultural discrepancies, gender or physical abuse, unemployment, economic problems, second marriage, in addition to such factors as the parents, substance abuse, literacy, the lack of love in childhood's not enough, children be in excess of expectations, the spread offense and have a criminal record, at work, problems, child-oriented excessive protectionism and excessive control, a new birth of a brother "for reasons such as creating psychological problems for children to be reflected directly as a result of reports stating that the parents fall into the task, the negative factors minimize To download and problems as possible for children to be reflected specified.

Reporting the assessment of the child in education and life step, the family environment, stress them by factors as possible, trying to protect need to say that the DES President Gürkan Avcı, in children, especially recently can see the "Depression, stress disorder, tic disorders, speech disorders, behavioral changes, reactive Connect disorder, dissociative disorders, anxiety and sleep disorders, such as "psychiatric cases against parents in the school guidance service should receive assistance from physicians, and also drew attention.

Multiple Intelligence Theory

2010-02-04T08:36:00.000-08:00

As a neuro-psychologist Prof. Is different from the concept of intelligence known Haward Gardner said has brought a new definition. According Gardner'a intelligence, within the civic society can do something useful is the capacity (1993); each person has their own unique talents and skills of all is, people look for these skills to the environment, space, time improves by. Each individual has a different learning along with intelligence, problem solving and has a method of communicating. Has identified eight basic types of Gardner's intelligences, although each passing day, new ones are added to that list. Especially when first put forward this theory was mentioned by seven types of intelligence, but in 1995, Natural Intelligence (Naturalist Intelligence), and 2001, then spiritual intelligence (Spiritual Intelligence) 's are also widely used on. In this study we will be talking about the eight basic types of intelligence.

a) Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence (Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence): to use language properly, good read and can speak, think and complex sentences with words is the ability to understand. Especially in primary education to be done for this type of intelligence related to any activity course students will make it easier to reach.

b)Logical-Mathematical Intelligence Logical-Mathematical Intelligence): Understanding abstract concepts, problem solving by logic and reasoning, charts, diagrams, and to enjoy working with shapes, is the ability to resolve complex relationship. Individuals with this type of intelligence by asking questions they like to get results.

c) Visual-Spatial Intelligence (Visual-Spatial Intelligence): Surrounding pictures, images,
forms of detection and their ability to think is the judge. Especially with the help of pictures course is very useful for achieving the goal to be available.

d) Musical-Rhythmic Intelligence (Musical Intelligence): Music of thinking, to understand concepts related to music, to listen, to interpret, easy to keep in mind, to produce new sounds, music is the ability to use instruments.

e) Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence (Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence): in solving the problem or bring about something new in the whole body or body parts is the ability to use. Talking to move, to use body language when expressing feelings, take part in a game, something to reconstruct this type of intelligence is very important for those who have.

f) Interpersonal-Social Intelligence (Interpersonal Intelligence): how to work together with people, experiencing and how contact should be with the opposite side is the ability to understand. To lead, to persuade people, to have a large group of friends, loved to listen to and talk with features such as the type of intelligence is found in people.

g) Personal-Internal Intelligence (Intrapersonal Intelligence): the individual's own inner world, the sense of structure, thought to recognize and live in a controlled way with it is skill. To be alone, doing things that make a positive or negative assessment of these courses to remove it, regardless of structure, such as features such as intelligence is found predominantly in people.

h) Natural Intelligence (Naturalist Intelligence): Nature and nature found in plants, animals and other assets, review, monitoring and skills they are interested.

How should I TEACH?

2010-02-02T00:11:00.000-08:00

Answer to the question should be taught how to provide instructional strategies, methods and techniques should be based on answers. Accordingly,

(1) select appropriate strategies to target behavior. Cognitive behavior of the target area "information" auditory field "receiving" area devinişsel "evoked" in step through the presentation of teaching "; cognitive space" grip "," analysis "," evaluation "auditory field" in response to "," provide for "steps of the invention through the teaching, the cognitive field" of applications and at a higher level, "auditory field" organization "and" qualification ", the recipient of devinişsel" all steps "na is geared through research and inquiry teaching strategies selected and the associated methods and techniques that work should be run .

(2) to go into the unknown than known. Within the framework of the course, students need to understand the importance and objectives, relevant previous experience and knowledge associated with the new information helps to learn the

(3) To ensure the participation of the students ask questions. Students ask them to think about each other's answers.

(4) students to think, to research, to criticize, then directed to solve the problem. For this purpose, higher-level questions (eg, cognitive area of learning is related to application, analysis, synthesis-level questions) problems

(5) questions to the students and allow time for information to be organized. If the student does not know the appropriate time to answer, and what they learn will be hard to organize.

(6) Course content, select appropriate tools and materials. Effective use of tools and materials you choose to

(7) in the classroom learning environments create a convenient and comfortable. For this purpose, using democratic methods to provide students a comfortable environment

(8) Student answers to meet with a positive attitude. Students inaccurate or incomplete answers in any given positive response to meet, the answer is wrong and the correct starting point, lack of attention to

(9) to provide feedback to students during lessons. So students will be motivated to learn to be able to see.

(10) Be nice to the students, do not break them. Because students are in a separate personality development effort. The development of the student teachers are required to respect the personality.

(11) Special attention and patience with students who want to care. Them in a corner of the class by throwing do not neglect

(12) give students the opportunity to apply what they have learned. Application and the persistence ensures learning.

Operating Efficiency Course

2010-01-27T11:18:00.000-08:00

The place;

I work, should not be hot or very cold and quiet should be well ventilated. II in the working room posters, banners and pictures will distribute your attention. III study before starting work that may be necessary in order to have all the materials at hand, attention will curb your dissolution. To listen to music while you work

IV, television watching curb your study will be fruitful. Your mind can not do two jobs at the same excellence. Try to learn the lessons

V Summer is more permanent. Make yourself a study program and

VI always get applied. VII again after 40 minutes to work and 10 minutes to 10 minutes is required. Thus, better recall. Stay away from television during this rest. 30% of

VIII does not do it again ever be forgotten. Problem

IX until a break when no solution is necessary. X Instructor After listening to a trial not be repeated ever learn anything about a trial evening courses not like it means to work again. After learning the first lesson

XI again, the second weekend again, the third re-trial a week ago, again in the fourth week of the trial is conducted full learning occurs. Follow him with permanent eye

XII Getting Religion, it's your lesson while listening to prevent spread your attention. Lesson

XIII is playing, the teacher's test questions will emphasize more on the Note. XIV again to tell where you do not understand, do not hesitate to contact your instructor. XV to build your dreams will curb your work. If you notice, you begin to dream, to postpone it until after work or continue to dream and go back to class when completed.

What should be the village teacher

2010-01-25T12:33:00.000-08:00

A village teacher, first of all should have a heart full of love and patience so ...The village teacher, needed someone from the village, the village where necessary should be a source of hope .. Hands should be inclined to work once. Produce new things of scarce resources and never satisfied with what is not. In the village cultural center of the village school teacher is one who must make sense in any case .. villagers to meet with. Examples should demonstrate correcting wrong person, with good things must believe in himself. Difficulty in exceeding joy, must die while ...

People in the village as a teacher, what peasant, nor their students should not look down on. In response ever, the joy in the teachings of sincere and knowledgeable, one must also be brave.

A teacher, never "this is coming from my hand," he can not / should not also. Comes from the hand comes from El should make, at least for this effort should. His work will be done and to arrogant, proud and not for the villagers and students must present to the taste, it should take the greatest pleasure .. A teacher, just as "Black Board" should be. After the information presented above should not wear out. Delete whether to produce wiped clean the old into something new ...

Reading Difficulties, Causes, What can be done?

2010-01-24T12:07:00.000-08:00

In truth, comprehend, read, as well as the hearing-listening, vision, touch and experience, there are alternatives, such as, but these alternative factors, can not destroy the value of reading. To read; life at all levels of learning, experience, and personal discovery is essential for kemalât. People who can not read the right material to reach-may be forced to wrestle with moral distress. 'Read the securities, reading difficulty (dyslexia) a better understanding of the person living by looking at what we can. What is the reading difficulties? Literature in 1978, entering 'inability to read the problem', despite a certain person's intelligence level, reading in the direction of intelligence is described as unable to use. Age-appropriate for a lot of work can be done easily, mathematics, writing in the hands of a child capable of work, letters, and hence can not learn to read a simple text can not be seen as any.

This type of reading difficulties, mental retardation or deficiency is not due to a situation, because Einstein, inventors such as Edison in the past is known to suffer from this problem. Slow reading, missing reads, reading, aversion to work, inability to reading comprehension, vocabulary, such as completing the wrong end of symptoms, in people with reading difficulties are common. These people, 'bd', 'mn' could confuse similar letters, some letters can be difficult to remember. Learning against the sense of reluctance, simple concept, even unable to learn the words of the place, mixing, through speech, offered the ability seen in the deficiencies, different learning paths to choose, learning while bored quickly, such as cases, pre-school period of reading difficulties, some of the symptoms can be listed as. Classes apathy, inability to obtain work, despite the desired yield, the difficulties in reading or writing, reading difficulties arise during the school are manifested.

A child in elementary school first-class average of 70 per minute, a child in fifth grade or less than 120 words to read as a sign of reading difficulty can be evaluated. The prevalence of 4% of the world as calculated from these problems, many children in our country are estimated to suffer. The causes of reading difficulties

During development, nerve cell connections should be connected to a different location than the cases of these diseases as a cause although, reading difficulties caused what matters is no conclusive evidence could not be exposed. Some neurotoxic additives in foods, the brain development of children in this regard as negative affect may increase the risk. However, reading difficulty, those using the left hand, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who have difficulty with this type of mother or father who is seen more frequently. Reading difficulties, the important role of genetic factors as there are numerous reports saying that. Recently, tv and the computer is busy with the children with extreme reading difficulties are known to live. Over-the reading difficulties of watching tv can be considered the cause. Vision and hearing is linked closely to the warning, over-stimulated sense of sight (such as TV and the computer itself can grab more) in children's speech and language ability may develop more slowly. In addition, excessive TV and computer time spent with a child, reading books or listening to someone unable to stop in place, nearly daily life learning activities such as TV and computer is waiting to be colorful and vibrant.

These children, when a word that should be seen a series of learning process will not occur. For the realization of the reading process, a letter has been seen, hearing and seeing in the memory circuit to be in the center and then this letter has been recognized in the brain as sound must be outward. Can be seen, appear to be simple in the reading process, many centers in the brain are working inside a delicate balance. The differences between these centers neuron connection, subsequent damage due to physical or mental trauma and congenital brought some problems, word recognition and reading of the negative effects may be.

     To learn how to read the incoming information from sensory organs into the brain where the recording, organizing, understanding and interpretation and whether the process to be used again after the store, as a message to cells, nerves and muscles, should be sent. What happens is not to intervene?

    Who have difficulty reading other learning difficulties (literacy, calculation, etc.). Could be. 30-70% of hyperactive children, while those who have behavioral disorders, learning difficulties are in the 30-40% up. Reading difficulties is the failure of those courses, classes and time again in situations such as school leavers may occur.

    Many parents, children read the books does not complain. For these children do not like to read do not read, or do not like to read to read can not is uncertain. Parents, children read (or) food must investigate the cause. More (or) of yeast in children's reading problems should be treated appropriately.

     How much reading and language activities take place comfortably if the mind, reading, the easier it becomes for the child. In mind how much energy spent during the reading is less, reading that takes place so comfortable and understandable. They spend time and energy for reading more than they are taking, reading difficulty reading and learning from people living over time can be removed. How is the treatment?

     In the treatment of reading difficulties, early detection and intervention has an important place. The maturing of the nervous system is completed, that is experiencing difficulty in reading the full adult person without (90% in proportion to the development of brain connections are completed in 12 years) to intervene, the success proportion increases. Special training in treatment are applied. In these training sessions, encouraging people to learn the characteristics of the areas having supported wondering is trying to resolve difficulties. Reading difficulty of a significant proportion of people living mechanical, technical, engineering, architectural work in the fields and hand are seen as very talented. To read many books on this subject even if the partial solution, mainly with a suitable training method should be running the way people learn. What can be done? * Since the first year of life in the brain to contribute to the achievement of the learning process for children to play and plenty to spend time; * Only one of the senses, not (just see for example), the others (hearing, touch, etc.) to give weight to the joint activity is run; * 0-5 years in particular children, tv and computers as possible to keep off; * May be the occasion to work grape sugar healthy minds and not neglect the types of B vitamins; * Certain concepts are not learned in a certain age to early intervention for children; * The late start to talk to children, reading to more attention in terms of difficulty; * Right and left stirring, forced to find direction, the clumsiness and awkwardness of children previously identified as necessary assistance to make them; * Mothers during pregnancy, children, in particular between 5-7 years of cigarette smoke, electromagnetic waves, the presence of additives in food, to keep away from the radioactive rays; * During pregnancy and after the mother's books to read, to use his mind as active small children, listen to ensure that kind of books to read; * The brain's oxygen and food in terms of blocking feeding, respiratory and circulatory systems to be treated immediately negative effect of the disease; * Children with attention deficit determined to help them; * Children with visual impairment likely to be treated.

       Today is very important to read these difficulties to help the children live, they remain deprived of such a huge blessing to get a little bit will prevent. Many of the problem is thought to result from ignorance, having children with reading difficulties will be steps taken to solve problems is important. Upbringing of generations who love to read, read (or) of yeast and directed the children to be noticed is a serious profit.

Reading Techniques

2010-01-24T07:24:00.000-08:00

Good readers read for explanation. Words, letters, points do not behave like Kompüter when decrypt. Eye will not allow anything to transmit to the brain because the brain's eye they are transmitted, they are transmitted to the brain is more important than eye.

Detected in a text explanation is an individual determination of words is not necessary. Words, we read the letters without reading, without explanation to understand the words that used to have one installed. While reading, how many "knowledge is not seen" that we read the words of the stack. In other words, how much less "the sage is not able to see if we have, the more" common knowledge "do we need to. The same place and at the same time the letters, the word can not view together. Brain, at a time, but a question to answer can be achieved. In medieval Europe, copyright edilen number of books in a year, according to the most optimistic estimates, 1000 (thousand) was around.

Today, the number of books worldwide copyright in a day has reached several thousand. This diversity, and inevitably we are forced to be selective and rapid. Quick thinking by reading içiçedir. How quickly people can read so fast is able to think. Faculty practice can be won with this, but reading is mainly a matter of perception and fluid, is the key to effective reading is not to make eye gym, "information" dir. Estimates are based on perception. Estimates by addressing the first seat likely alternative is to reach a result. Good readers make maximum estimate. Reading period revealed by our estimates, will provide support to each other to understand subject matter was finally happens. But, if you read something for us to express an explanation does not comprehend the process stops. Therefore the text information in parallel with our estimates as much more comfortable and faster idrakimiz. At the same time, our knowledge a direct proportion between the consistency of our estimates are available.

Read the words and mana always such a question and answer exchange is based. mânâsına focus the attention of the words, figures can be fitted to prevent. Reading, restaurants and a menu similar to the review. read any part of the menu does not only need to call the things we find. Compared with the same technique all materials are read: Newspapers will not be read as are Kitablar, like a book to be read in magazines. General rules of the following three items mânâda read can be summed up: 1) Speed up, 2) Choose one of the requirements, 3) Use the previous information.

Balanced Diet

2010-01-09T11:41:00.000-08:00

What is nutrition?

Growth, development, repair, to maintain healthy living and physical activity, all foods in a systematic way and use needs to be taken into the body is called NUTRITION.

B) Importance of nutrition:

Children are in rapid development. For this reason, as in every stage of life, nutrition, is important in this period, but the individuals are in a phase of development because of their more privileged can be said to have significance.

Nutrition, family health for individuals and society as well as important in terms of physical and mental health is of crucial importance. Because society is made up of individuals.

Nutrition, stretching more before birth should be included in a return is an especially important role. Infants before birth are not well-fed continuous (chronic) malnutrition can occur. These infectious diseases in children may be more easily caught. Growth remains slow in infants are not well fed, mental retardation and behavioral disorders can be seen.

Nutrition care of children are spending a disease is severe, height and weight development can be seen in the decline.

Pay attention to nutrition in specific periods of life is not enough. The important thing is to be well fed for a lifetime. Because the early life of inadequate and unbalanced diet in later years to correct damage is not possible.

Always be balanced in nutrition is very important for mental and physical health.

Nutrition, more precisely balanced diet importance in human life until after a balanced diet if you want what happened to come together and let's look at how a balanced diet.

C) What is Balanced Diet?

Growth, development, healthy and productive lives as long as necessary to the energy and nutrients each of sufficient amounts to assure that foods, nutritional value, without losing health-racking situation without bringing in the most economical way to buy and to use in the body. Body's growth, renewal and operation of each of which are necessary for adequate amounts of nutrients to be taken and used properly in the body condition> with the phrase describes.

These nutrients are not taken at the level of the body's needs can not create enough energy the body tissues can not be done> condition occurs.

Human enough to eat, but could not make the appropriate selection method applied for cooking or wrong some of these nutrients may not receive. In that case nutrients the body work that functions in the impaired health is still not being fulfilled. In this case> would have happened.

Inadequate and unbalanced nutrition status of the body in the growth, development and defects in the normal operation will be adequate and balanced nutrition is the foundation of health does not mean that no one in the wrong.

Determination of nutritional requirements and received a balanced diet will provide the nutrients can be achieved by considering the energy. Balanced nutrition is concerned, the person's lifestyle, hobbies, eating habits should also keep in mind.

How balanced diet food groups a look at in touch before, it is useful in identifying some of them.

Foods are divided into three main groups: proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Protein (Maker Foods): Biological balance of protein required for iron and calcium-rich foods contain. This type of cell nutrients play a major role in the construction and renovation. The main task of proteins to make new tissue, tissue is repaired. There are so many tasks in the body will not be considered. In these, the most important energy to help ensure the received to help digest foods, and can be counted as just mentioned above.

Proteins in general, meat, fish, offal, milk, cheese, yoghurt, eggs, soybeans, dry beans, nuts, pistachios, almonds, walnuts, grain and some vegetables.

Carbohydrates (Instruments Foods): Carbohydrates provide immediate energy of the body, mind and physics studies are needed to provide energy. Exhaustion of carbohydrate deficiency, health of the corruption, leads to a decline in mental concentration.

Oils (Fuel Foods):

These three groups of nutrients your body needs a balanced diet is a balanced way and must be consumed at a rate constant. Namely: Normally 20% of daily fat from the protein group, 60% of fresh fruit and vegetables, 10% and 5% of the flour with the oil should be composed of substances.

EMPTY TIME BEST ROADS ASSESSMENT in FIGURE

Leisure time in the best way how to pass the time before we can issue and leisure time to understand there is need for recognition.

When: human life instead of the long or short term, impossible to repeat, and the end of Başlanıcı particular, is a part that can be measured with time.

Leisure: Individuals of both himself and for others to get rid of all obligations or connections, and he voluntarily chooses to be engaged in an activity time.

Leisure basis, the people of all ages is an important issue, say it is possible. This is because people in their leisure time and rest their bodies and their minds will provide satisfaction to the individual activities and will know exactly stems.

Leisure from individuals to individuals, varies from society to society. Each individual will be leisure itself decides how to format. However, any decision given the person's environment is also a fact to be effective. Leisure of individuals and the environment in ways they learned from their families can also take the form.

Evaluation of the necessity and reality of free time today, there is a case. However, it is important not to leisure leisure time as effective and efficient ways to be able to know. Today everybody can leisure. However, each individual is doing it effectively and efficiently is not possible to say.

Even if we will open the event:

Individual leisure when assessing that, like a vocation with joy and satisfaction to ensure the idle time spent while any activity with the purpose when dealing social duties meet after free will in with the rest, have fun, knowledge and skills development, community life as volunteers to participate are a series of such occupation can say.

Recreation evaluation of characteristics:

* Individuals with these activities for their desire to participate. You will choose your own, is not forcing anyone else. Volunteering is essential.

* This action to attend to the individual directly to the sudden and provides satisfaction.

* Individual, group together, organized or unorganized may be in a format. Flexible. Can be found in countless ways.

* Is applied as a universal and are searched.

* Serious and objective. According to the individual a sense, the value exists, and it is a purpose for itself.

* Leisure evaluation, usually requires some kind of activity. For example, physical, mental, social or emotional might.

* Leisure evaluation has secondary products. So evaluates both individual and leisure physical, social development, etc. of healthy. personality features such as the cost wins.

Some may be of Recreation Assessment Activities:

1. Books to read.

2. Newspapers, magazines, etc.. To read current publications.

3. To deal with housework, some repairs, home care, assistance to parents, etc.. .

4. Radio and TV watching.

5. To deal with sports activities.

6. To go to the theater and cinema.

7. Rural areas with clean air tours, walking to do.

8. To deal with artistic activities (pictures, etc. to make.)

9. Intelligence games to play.

In addition to these individual preferences, personality characteristics may vary according to individuals to develop and relaxing leisure activities to ensure that the appropriate activities to be counted as.

92 percent of high school students who can not keep up with classes remain sleepless

2010-01-08T13:02:00.000-08:00

Journal of Adolescent Health study published in the magazine, according to others throughout the day to lethargy, depression, headaches and poor performance in school is causing a serious sleep disorder in the lives of the border. Considering the answer of 12 thousand students, researchers, puberty and 10 years olds had only 5 hours sleep, they found that the percentage 23'ünün 6 hours sleep.

Of girls compared to boys more study that shows when they have a sleep disorder, especially in the last year of high school reading more of that sleep problems have been saved. Experts in adolescent sleep time for young people should be 9 hours and 8 hours of sleep at the border says and that is not enough to include all have less.

Students start school, they join their fast, exciting social activities, homework, family responsibilities increase the researchers stating that students keep up with the tempo that they have declared to be sleepless.

Body is saying to them, while still at midnight, woke up to go to school where many students are listed. National Sleep research agency, school start time of one hour or more ahead of the students obtaining their sleep and school performance in the inclusion of shows will increase.

In children, families and teachers to Superior Intelligence Recommendations

2010-01-06T04:55:00.000-08:00

Superior idiots: Intelligence section 130 and various scales consistently higher on the idiot is called to

Gifted Games: Outstanding In addition to being gifted. have superior capabilities compared to those of their peers.

Recommendations to the family

1. The academic and social skills your child that you noticed the difference in the parents of the class teacher should observe and evaluate requests for help in this situation must be informed about

2 children found to be over when gifted and gifted children should be aware that because of this feature, siblings and classmates, and should not be compared with this comparison is being done to the child should not be reflected.

3 Children on the gifted and talented on that says never do and some do not consider to Age appropriate according to their faith in the child's owned properties that result from their (self-superior transaction. In front of Yearning, stubbornness, selfishness, etc.) situation occurs that the rest of their peers not different, and each child's best and it's also something that can do some things better, so that should be emphasized. Same interest, the request should be ignored, with him nursing should not be too specific.

4. You love your child act like a normal child whether to clear him. Do keep in mind individual differences. According to the idiot-not gifted create superior properties compared to the age of your love Your shadow.

5. Do not leave your child never irrelevant. When you show your interest at every opportunity to deal with her saying she does not get truly interested in the show. Otherwise, you will immediately notice may be counterproductive.

6. Superior gifted, gifted children may develop pride of some unnecessary. On parents as gifted, gifted to have a child is certainly a good thing. However hubris prevents the child a better education. Parents can also wrap the child in the developing time is pride. To avoid falling into this case, parents should make the necessary guidance. Because at least a sense of superiority to inferiority can be harmful.

7. If you have any other siblings, if you treat them how to behave in the same way to him. I certainly do not neglect different. Do not leave to care for other people. (Grandmother, grandfather, foster v.b.)

8. The child's intelligence and ability can use and can be discharged provider (puzzle, chess, maze games, music, etc.) materials (toys) should be taken (cinema, theater, painting, music, v b) be in cultural activities should be ensured.

9. Ask your child has tried to give answers to questions should be precise and clear. Evasive, inaccurate answers should be avoided.

10. Your child's intelligence functions and capabilities are different from normal in terms of special education "is in need of alteration.

11 - a specialist for your child with mental and emotional characteristics (child psychiatrist, child psychologist, psychologists, pedagogues, teachers guides, etc.) are always in the dialogue.

Teacher Recommendations

1. We consider to be superior gifted students to determine the status of your first school guidance teachers do not have to take it personally to the Guidance and Research Center.

2. Superior-witted detected (intelligence tests are documented with) your students do it to the second plan.

3. Curriculum in the classroom while applying this type of leadership qualities to satisfy the children to make the furor should be prevented or arrogant. Eg. (Class president of the educational arm of the presidency, the cluster head, etc.) This application may arise as a result of sharing and cooperation related to the genesis of the problem will be prevented and the child will not feel themselves as excluded.

4. Contact with his family and the curriculum should be separate from the child, appropriate to the level should be given additional assignments. "Give him gradually lessons or homework." "You do you do it. by saying that the intelligence function, forcing the road Do not go. Gifted children as properties superior to writing many articles too much homework they did not like or do not work.

More phrase-based, aimed to explain the courses or assignments given. Between the number of children with above-witted is a good problem to solve, or assignment for the course can give. However, the dose very sensitive to over-determine how many more do not.

5. In addition to the curriculum courses, project development, creativity and intelligence, such as user and developer working out the front at the level of the whole class should be made. Eg. work related to painting and handicrafts. Thus, the child's own potential for high-witted as well as other friends, also be able to evaluate the incentives should be provided.

6. The teacher of the child for himself and his friends certainly have superior intelligence should be emphasized. Gifted children are different from above normal children are in need of special education. Therefore, with these students in your class or your students attention.

7. Child, other children in the classroom should not be favored, the same responsibilities for each child must be valid. Grade level comparisons and criticisms must be tried to be minimized. Do not isolate him from other students never, not exclusion. Make friends with the fusion. Special interest you and other students without batting show him

8. Working for the realization of the competition environment is created, highlighting the competition on the gifted child's nature to be done. Also a source of pride for him or do not use as leverage. By accepting him as your closer.

9. "You're the best of this class." "You, you do best." Etc. purpose of the use of the phrase excellence should be avoided.

10. Expectations from the child, other friends, formed at a desired level should not be different. Otherwise, the child will feel themselves under pressure and will head adjustment disorder

Pandemic Influenza (Swine Flu) What is it? How can protection?

2010-01-05T01:06:00.000-08:00

A (H1N1) 2009-type virus as the cause of the infectious (viral) is a disease. People with this virus did not previously encountered are not immune to the disease.

A (H1N1) virus in 2009 among the common pig influenza viruses have been shown to be very similar to the "swine flu" was named. This new human virus, is a mixture of swine and avian influenza virus.

Symptoms are similar to seasonal flu. These two flu but can be distinguished by special laboratory tests. Normal flu, chronic disease in the elderly that can lead to severe illness and death, while influenza virus with pandemic influenza at which half of those who fell ill and nearly one-fifth of deaths in the pediatric age group. However, pandemic influenza, as well as around the world in Turkey are usually mild and mild watch.

A (H1N1) Influenza was first seen in Mexico and the United States was, and then spread to many countries.

What is the criteria for pandemic alarm?

WHO pandemic alert level has identified about 6 different. 6. indicate the start of stage intercontinental epidemic. More than one region and in the same period a large number of cases seen in the detection of the case means that the epidemic began to spread.

People are not immune to this disease and the disease is spreading rapidly all over the world to an epidemic (pandemic) has led. Until death from disease to sinusitis can lead to complications.

Why is it important disease?

Common complications of the disease, pneumonia (pneumonia), sinusitis, middle ear inflammation. In addition, brain tissue, heart muscle and inflammation of muscles and Guillain-Barre Syndrome in the lead can lead to other complications and death. Changed in the process of the virus in question is likely to be much more dangerous.

Many people to be patient in the same period, disruption of essential public services, social life is negatively affected and economic losses caused.

. Pandemic A (H1N1) flu the symptoms observed in humans are similar to symptoms of seasonal flu. Including:

Fever,

Cough

Sore throat,

Runny nose

Widespread body pain,

Headache,

Chills and

Includes symptoms such as fatigue. In some cases, vomiting and diarrhea also can be seen.

To help protect against pandemic influenza should be vaccinated.

By taking the following measures not only from the flu, all the diseases transmitted through respiratory infection such as influenza can prevent:

During coughing and sneezing your mouth and nose with disposable tissue paper close. After you use your handkerchief at the wastebasket. If you do not sneeze into your arm here handkerchief,

After you cough and sneeze, wash your hands with soap and water plentiful. Water and soap can not reach the places you can use alcohol-containing antiseptic hand.

Dirty your hands to your mouth, nose, and you do not touch your eyes.

Catch flu symptoms or signs after 7 days of the start of the day until after the passage completely at home you rest. If you have to come out here wearing medical masks. Disease as possible in order not to infect other people around you away from here.

You can create spaces frequently aired.

http://www.grip.gov.tr/

Success of Children, Families Optional

2010-01-04T11:45:00.000-08:00

Support for parents of students in terms of success. Parents did not participate, does not support or do not exist in children succeed in an environment very difficult.
Bakırköy Fatih College, has prepared four projects for this situation. Parents of students attending the courses of the program in intended scope of the project, from parents to participate in four different events and was asked to lead. Would connect to the Internet, but do not depend on
Remove Internet usage during the week.

Restrictions on weekends to allow the use of internet.
Do not let the children go to internet cafes.
Make sure that the games children play.
In this house every day is family reading
Our children's reading habits to gain, a qualified family activity to do, our children away from television and the Internet to both ourselves and our children need knowledge and culture to increase the level of the whole family every day for family reading time should be.
Make sure breakfast every morning
According to the studies of students who started the day breakfast, the more success in the classroom, where the development of cognitive skills, nutritional disorders that result from their disease less caught were identified. Ailecek if possible, if not, students should always have breakfast.
I give my child enough pocket money
Children can save, thrifty, to control spending, the value of assets owned by individuals who are asked to be. For this, children get pocket money weekly or monthly and allow themselves to manage the economy. How much pocket money, nor get less.

Smart board makes it easier to learn

2010-01-03T11:18:00.000-08:00

Local government with the support of life spent under the project Fatih in 2011 until the smart board application is not the school will remain expressed the Çubukçu, "growing our school meeting and conference rooms of the most important requirements to become one of the interactive board computer screen a giant board into by the parties the same screen together on studies Providing opportunities is important. " said. Minister Çubukçu, Istanbul Provincial Directorate of Education about the crisis on assignment left unanswered questions.Primary School held Çubukçu Minister Hasan Fatih Ulubatlı and smart board presentation meeting on the application attended the ceremony.

Thoughts about the project and implementation details provide information about the National Education Minister Nimet Cubukcu, technology integration in education ministries in the framework of the infrastructure work carried out and the day they had with the needs of the future planning of the curriculum at the point of information technologies should be strengthened said. Çubukçu, Turkey in the information technology and classes to equip their work by reminding, "We work together with computer training emphasis that we all primary and secondary school classes have been established and classes in all of the internet connection has been established would like to mention.

Undoubtedly, education and training in technological developments to support and dissemination, the quality of education upgrading is of great importance in terms. " as said.
Smart board application in this context like to be considered the Çubukçu, "growing our school hall meetings and conferences of the most important requirements to become one of the interactive board the giant computer screen into a board by converting on the same screen, working together to provide the important opportunity offers.

The board on any of the image open to sharing to become the smart board, teachers of technology education and training activities to develop tools to keep are integrating. " expression was used.
Fatih Municipality in the period 2009-2010 Fatih education in all primary schools in the second year of the 1 and the establishment of smart board has reached its destination Çubukçu minister reminded, "In the 2010-2011 season, Fatih education in all primary schools located smart boards were able to be. So far established 350 systems will be added to the 850 smart board smart board smart board with non-school will not remain in Fatih. " said. Speaking to students at the end of the call Çubukçu Minister, "the minds of our students is extremely clear, with the highest capacity in the best way to work this semester I hope they will evaluate." he said.

Fatih Mayor Mustafa Demir at the ceremony, the project have been provided to schools for using smart board properties and made a short presentation. Past and present in schools in Fatih district left significant marks, art, politics and academics had expressed growing Demir, told it will continue to support education.
By Fatih Mayor to Çubukçu Minister was given a plaque. After the ceremony per-application smart board in the classroom visit from the fields of information assistants expressed his pleasure Çubukçu. School leaving Istanbul Provincial National Education Directorate for members of the press been reminded that speculation. However, this aspect of the press members Çubukçu left unanswered questions.

In mathematics, the key to success, with sound thinking

2010-01-03T11:13:00.000-08:00

Thinking aloud and the students poured into the problem as this appeared to be more successful in mathematics.
Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera, published in the news, according to Ande in Venezuela and at the universities of Granada in Spain who served scientists, mathematics department in the last year of studying a group of students, problem solving orientation process was observed.

Students' problem solving method and comparing the duration of scientists, who poured into the problem and the voice of those who think, was found to be successful than others. Way of expressing the problems with and solutions for mathematical insight to help build a more flexible way of thinking that indicates the scientists, thinking aloud play an important role in the concentrate, he said. Listen to people considered themselves to become aware of possible errors help them stating that scientists, students math homework using charts and graphs and was advised to do by thinking out loud.

Istanbul 2010 European Capital of Culture

2010-01-03T10:52:00.000-08:00

The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one calendar year during which it is given a chance to showcase its cultural life and cultural development.

A number of European cities have used the City of Culture year to transform their cultural base and, in doing so, the way in which they are viewed internationally.

The European Capital of Culture programme was initially called the European City of Culture and was conceived in 1983 by Melina Mercouri, then serving as Greek Minister of Culture.

Mercouri believed that at the time, culture was not given the same attention as politics and economics and a project for promoting European cultures within the member states should be pursued. The European City of Culture programme was launched in the summer of 1985 with Athens being the first title-holder.

During the German Presidency of 1999, the European City of Culture programme was renamed the European Capital of Culture. During the first two decades, cities were chosen primarily based on cultural history, scheduled events and the ability to provide infrastructural and financial support.

A 2004 study by the European Culture Commission (Palmer Study) demonstrated that the choice of European Capital of Culture served as a catalyst for the cultural development and the transformation of the city. Consequently, the beneficial socio-economic development and impact for the chosen city are now also considered in determining the chosen cities.

Following the EU Resolution in 1999 enlarging the ECOC Project as to include non-member countries, a group of civil society volunteers in Turkey arranged a meeting on 7 July 2000 in order to establish an “Enterprise Group” that would take the required steps for Istanbul to be a candidate for European Capital of Culture.

After long processes and endeavors of many civil society members, Istanbul was found ready on 11 April 2006 for being the European Capital of Culture 2010 along with Peç (Hungary) and Essen (Germany). Conceding the view of European Parliament and approval by the Council of Cultural Ministers of the European Union on 13 November 2006 Istanbul was finally announced to be the European Capital of Culture for 2010.

Why Istanbul?

Istanbul maintains a distinguished position among the metropolis of the world with its unique geographical location and a cultural heritage of thousands of years. As one of the most energetic cities in the world Istanbul continually gets to be an attraction center